Jako každý rok jsem prvních deset dní v září trávil dovolenou v Chorvatsku. Jelikož je zvykem vždy po návratu z dovolené prezentovat „důkazní materiály“, tedy fotografie, udělali jsme si radost a pořídili nový fotoaparát – Nikon D60. Fotky vyšly skvěle, i když jsem se s ním teprve učil. Jezdíme vždy s mým kamarádem a jeho dcerami. Holky chtějí samozřejmě fotografie, které jsem nafotil. Jelikož jim ale nechci dát jen ty fotky, na kterých jsou, ale i jiné, musel jsem z důvodů, které nechci nijak příliš rozebírat (o děti se tu nejedná), provést alespoň částečnou ochranu autorství u fotografií, aby nebyly zneužity – některé se totiž vážně povedly. Hledal jsem na Internetu a našel zajímavou aplikaci, která svižně, jednoduše s inteligentním ovládáním zvládne upravovat metatagy (EXIF, IPTC a XMP) – objevil jsem exiv2 (ano, někteří se mi mohou smát, že jsem tuto skvělou věc objevil až teď, ale dřív jsem prostě neměl potřebu). K dispozici je jak ve zdrojových kódech, binárná distribuci pro MS Windows, tak i jako balíček pro všemožné distribuce. První co mě uchvátilo je funkce z terminálu, nebo chcete-li příkazové řádky, takže žádné zbytečné klikátko.
Abych zápis příliš uměle neroztahoval, provedu názornou ukázku. Chci upravit Copyright v IPTC u všech fotografií v jednom adresáři. Vytvořil jsem si tedy soubor iptc_copyright.txt, který obsahuje následující řádek (přesný přístup k tagu copyright lze vyčíst z manuálu IPTC tagů):
add Iptc.Application2.Copyright String "(c) Tomas Kavalek 2008"
Pak už jen v adresáři s fotografiemi spustíme exiv2 -m iptc_copyright.txt *
a za chvíli je hotovo. Exiv2 toho umí samozřejmě mnohem a mnohem více, mně však zatím stačila pouze úprava jednoho tagu, a to zvládl rychle a bravurně – 250 fotografií o velikost 1GB bylo zpracováno za necelou minutu.
No, tak ty vyjimecne fotografie bych chtel fakt videt ale k veci. Naprosto vynikajici program na editaci metadat u fotografii je http://www.sno.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/ a nenasel jsem nic mocnejsiho (mimo jine zvlada upravovat i metadata RAW souboru (e.g. Nikon .nef)). Navic pokud se vam stane jako me, ze mate spatny cas, staci pustit "exiftool -AllDates+= dir" a je hotovo
[2] Ne, to neni treba, zase az takovy uchylak nejsem :-) Nejde totiz primo o zvlastni ochranu fotografii, viz dale.
[4][5] Nejde tak jako o genialitu fotografii, jako o to, ze existuje osoba, ktera se rada chlubi svym perim, coz nemam rad, resp. obecne se vubec nebranim zverejnovanim napr. mych zdrojovych kodu, ale zde se spis jedna o pojistku, kdy budu moci v necekanou chvili rict, ne, ta fotografie vazne neni tvoje. Doufam, ze jsem situaci popsal tak, ze byla spravne pochopena.
[6] mozna lehce paranoidni, ale jako argument, ze je foto tve to staci, akorat ze kdyz tu fotku resizuje s toolem, ktery exif ignoruje, pripadne si ten tag upravi po svem... :)
Videl bych to spis tak, ze pokud nehodlas delat nekde vystavu v galerii tak to moc smysl nema :) ...ale chapu tve duvody ;)
9> jasne to beru, pokud to nekdo hodla zneuzit k tomu aby si vydelal tak je to jine, ale pokud jde jen o to ze nekdo chce pred jinym frajerit ze 'to jsem fotil ja' a tady tomas to chce vyvratit jsme nekde trosku jinde
fotim uz radu let a nekolikrat jsem jiz takto 'intelektualne' (dneska je to hrozne modni slovo) okraden byl, ale nebudu se prece soudit o fotku...
Ano, myslel jsem cizí peří, asi jsem byl myšlenkami uz někde napřed:-) Budu to muset upravit. Sam moc dobre vim, ze jde o primitivní ochranu, ale směrovánou na konkrétni osobu, která jediné co umi upravit je hladina adrenalinu v me krvi, a ne nejaké úpravy fotek v čemkoliv. Jinak samozrejme vim, ze watermark je nejlepsi řešení, zase nedělejte z punka tupce:-):-) Spis jsem se snažil upozornit na zajímavý program, nez rozjet fake;-)
Jako komfortní GUI k úpravě IPTC tagů doporučuji Digikam. Digikam interně libexiv2 používá. Pokud plánujete hodně fotit, stejně se nevyhnete nějakému sofistikovanému správci kolekcí obrázků. Hádám, že i další KDE programy (Gwenview, Imgview, ..) pracují s IPTC tagy přes libexivě resp. přes wrapper libkexiv2. Stručně je tu celá řada komfortních GUI aplikací které jsou pohodlnější k použití než cli tool.
Já navíc používám IPTC tagy pro ukládání ratingu a custom tagů. Je to jediný zůsob jak tato data sdílet mezi aplikacemi co jsem zatím našel.
Já začal nedávno přidávat do fotografií viditelnou značku, viz třeba:
http://espinosa.klenot.cz/russia_mongolia_2008/gallery/slides/IMG_2038.html
Pro generování alba používám JAlbum který značku, říkají tomu "logo", automaticky přidá při přípravě fotek. Stačí předhodit PNG s logem a zvolit kde má být. Umí přidat i watermark, textový řetězec, ale zatím jsem nezkoušel. Logo je samozřejmě také slabá ochrana, proti výřezu neuchrání, ale stále lepší, než IPTC tag.
A ještě jeden program by neměl uniknout vaší pozornosti - phatch. Batch image processing gui, mimo hromady dalších věcí umí jak logo, watermark, IPTC i EXIV tagy.
[24] gpsPhoto.pl (http://sourceforge.net/projects/gps2photo/)
používám to dlouho a jsem celkem spokojen. Zpracuješ tím na jeden zátah všechny fotky co potřebuješ. z GPS vytahneš tracklog třeba v gpx, předhodíš programu ten soubor a adresář s fotkama a už to jede. :-)
Dik za clanek, zrovna dnes jsem zjistil, ze se mi resetlo RTC ve fotaku a vsechny fotky jsou posunute o 8 mesicu, 13 dni a priblizne 19 hodin a 35 minut. Vzpomnel jsem si, ze jsem nedavno narazil na tento clanek, znovu jsem ho nasel, stahnul zdrojaky, prelozil - jede i pod OS X, udelal
for i in *.jpg; do exiv2 -O 8 -D 13 -a 19:35 ad $i; done
a za par desitek sekund bylo po vsem
takze jeste jednou, dik za tip
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Tomáš Kavalek pracuje jako webdeveloper na volné noze a věnuje se vývoji aplikací pod OSS. Občas má střeštěné úvahy a nápady, a proto bloguje. Domovská stránka pro nekomerční projekty a blog je kavalek.net a pro komerční projekty kavalek.eu. Profil má na LinkedIn.
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